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040			_cNMP LIBRARY
050			_aQL 1 _bS65 1970 no. 34
110			_aSmithsonian Institution
245			_aSublittoral Gammaridea (Amphipoda) of the Hawaiian Islands / _cSmithsonian Institution
250			_aNumber 34.
260			_aCity of Washington : _bSmithsonian Institution Press, _c1970.
300			_a285 pages : _billustrations (black and white) ; _c28 cm.
490			_vNumber 34.
500			_aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
505			_aMarine biogeography of the Hawaiian Islands
505			_aEndemic Gammaridea of the Tropics
505			_aComposition and general relationships of the gammaridean fauna
505			_aDispersal by rafting
505			_aLack of adaptive radiation in Hawaiian Amphipoda
505			_aResults of the one-step, long-distance isolation of cool water immigrants to Hawaii
505			_aEnrichment of diversity in gammaridean genera
520			_a"Sublittoral Gammaridea (Amphipoda) of the Hawaiian Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 34:1-286, 1970.—Gammaridean Amphipoda from depths of 0-30 m on hard bottoms are increased from about 40 to about 120 species, including 59 new species and 9 new genera and subgenera. About half of the species is endemic. Nearly 70 percent of the faunule has come from archipelagoes to the southwest of Hawaii, but only 15 percent of the faunule is of tropicopolitan character. About 20 percent of the fauna has affinities with cool waters of the North Pacific. This is the first significant record of cool-water species of any marine group in Hawaii. Most of these species have a tubicolous ecology, suggesting that nestlers are less successful in completing the long journey from the cool waters of northern continents. All but three species with cool-water affinities have diverged specifically from their mainland ancestors and at least two require erection of new genera to describe their divergence. Other endemic genera of Hawaii have low affinities with tropical Pacific faunas and have affinities with places like Antarctica, the Caribbean Sea, and warm-temperate Australia. The tropical component of Hawaiian Gammaridea is not impoverished by a priori standards of diversity. Few elements expected to occur in Hawaii are missing. No evidence of interisland adaptive radiation has been observed, but several pairs and triads of species with sibling affinities are described as a result of successive waves of immigration of parent species. Since no cool-water stepping stones occur between Hawaii and cool mainland shores of the North Pacific, the divergent cool-water species of Hawaii probably reflect morphological changes occurring after one increment of isolation. Some of these fairly radical changes such as loss of palp articles, coalescence of urosomites, and possibly axial reversal of dominance in gnathopods are seen to be of lower conservative value than heretofore accorded. This upsets classifications in Atylidae, Dexaminidae, Aoridae, and Isaeidae to a significant degree."
546			_aIn English.
650			_aZoology _vPeriodicals, societies, congresses, serial publications.
650			_aAmphipoda _zHawaii.
650			_aCrustacea _zHawaii.
700			_aBarnard, J. Laurens
942			_2lcc _cCR _n0
999			_c2929 _d2929